But it was in the region of space closest to Jupiter that our probes discovered the most astonishing evidence.As the young Jupiter circles the sun, it clears a path through the gas cloud that envelops the early solar system.

But that process causes it to do something alarming. Because the answers to those questions help to tell us where and how Jupiter might have formed.By analyzing the planet’s magnetic and gravitational fields, Juno is able to look deep into Jupiter’s interior.While the terrestrial worlds are little more than rubble, Jupiter is fully formed, allowing it to shape everything that follows.The spacecraft we’ve sent to Mars, touched down on a world that is, curiously, just half the size of her sister planets Earth and Venus.

And how did it grow to such dominance? NARRATOR : Beyond the edge of the inner solar system and the desolate wasteland of the asteroid belt, is the gas giant, Jupiter. In green, what we have are the so-called Trojan asteroids, objects that occupy the same orbit as Jupiter. But it could one day wreak havoc again. The life of our solar system told in five dramatic stories spanning billions of years.Jupiter is not just the oldest planet orbiting the sun—it’s also the largest. Today, Jupiter resides in the outer solar system, where its gravity bends the paths of asteroids and stokes volcanic activity on its moon Io. NOVA: The Planets — Jupiter Jupiter shaped life on Earth, delivering comets laden with water—and perhaps even the fateful asteroid that wiped out the dinosaurs. Around 100 years ago, a lump of rock and ice two-and-a-half miles across is hurtling toward the inner solar system, but Jupiter stands in its way.By capturing objects and incinerating them on impact, Jupiter protects us from bodies that might otherwise threaten Earth.Galileo would go on to study Jupiter for another eight years.Then, on September 21, 2003, Galileo meets the same fate as the comet that had greeted its arrival.But the fate of the dinosaurs is a reminder that it’s a debt that could be recalled at any time.NASA / JPL-Caltech / SSI / SwRI / MSSS / ASI / INAF / JIRAM / Björn JónssonA BBC Studios Production with NOVA and WGBH Boston for PBS [logo] and BBC Earth [logo]co-produced by Tencent Penguin Pictures and The Open University.Additional Material © 2019 WGBH Educational FoundationThis program was produced by WGBH, which is solely responsible for its content. And what does sleep have to do with memory and our emotions?Goddess, demon, house pet? Jupiter begins to spiral inwards, plowing straight through the region of space that would become the asteroid belt.But Ceres isn’t the only world in our solar system whose development was cut short; Mars would share a similar fate.But then, just as it looks like Jupiter will sweep everything away, the giant planet stops in its tracks, because in the far reaches of the outer solar system another planet is forming: the solar system’s second gas giant, Saturn. Additional funding is provided by the NOVA Science Trust.Before it was a dry planet, Mars was a wet world that may have hosted life.NASA's Cassini reveals the mysteries of Saturn's rings—and new hope for life on a moon. Jupiter's gravitational force made it a wrecking ball as it barreled through the early solar system, but it also helped shape life on Earth as it brought comets laden with water and possibly the asteroid that put an end to the dinosaurs. In the Northern Arizona desert, this is Barringer Crater. Major funding for NOVA is provided by the David H. Koch Fund for Science, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and PBS viewers. Experts featured in this film may have received support from funders of this program.Original funding for this program was provided by Draper, the David H. Koch Fund for Science and the Corporation for Public BroadcastingNational corporate funding for NOVA is provided by Draper. JUPITER

Only by seeing Jupiter close up, could we begin to answer those questions.Juno’s objective is to look as close at Jupiter and as deep inside as we possibly can, to understand as best as we can: what is it made of? Speeding towards the Sun, Jupiter’s massive gravitational force hurled debris into interstellar space, stunting the growth of would-be planets.

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