Bosnia-Hercegovina’s ethnic makeup made it vulnerable to outside territorial claims; the Republic contained a large population of Serbs and Croats with a large Muslim population that was divided along ethnic lines. In other words, very few Slovaks lived in the Czech lands, and few Czechs lived in Slovakia. National Minorities in Yugoslavia 1918-1941], Belgrade 2005.Wachtel, Andrew: Making a Nation, Breaking a Nation.
Nevertheless, a comparative analysis of the immediate post-war years in Austria and Hungary will function as a methodological model, since the two countriesThe negotiations in Paris for each present entity - countries, nations, minorities, and regional delegations - were difficult.
Historically, under Ottoman occupation, the multicultural Balkan peoples had lived in relative peace for centuries, but the 20th century saw the rise of nationalism across the Balkans with the end of the Ottoman Empire.The historical memory of the atrocities committed specifically in World War II was more poignant in Yugoslavia than in Czechoslovakia. The Muslim populations in these territories were caught in the middle of these land disputes. Yugoslavia was however a vast multi-ethnic state with huge differences between the various ethnic groups and while Czechoslovakia was also a multi-ethnic state (Czechs and Slovaks formed the vast majority, with a Hungarian minority in southern Slovakia) the differences were much smaller than in the Yugoslavian case. These findings were handed over to representatives of the Entente to convince them to support the project of a common South Slav state. 42-56, p. 45.McGuire Mohr, Joan: The Czech and Slovak Legion in Siberia 1917–1922, Jefferson/London 2012.Magocsi, Paul : A History of Ukraine. Central and Eastern Europe before World War II, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London 1998, p. 21.Bohmann, Alfred: Menschen und Grenzen.
Nationalism did not influence both parties and was not the cornerstone of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The most recent cases of the divorce of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia have many similitudes and are therefore appropriate to attempt to theoretically analyze the essential difference between these two types of partitions. The different nature of these breakups is the result of differences in historical memories and records, unequal distribution of power, and demographic makeup of these states. With the retreat of the dissolving Austrian-Hungarian army, Italian troops threatened Croat territories, occupied Rijeka/Prince Regent Alexander I Karadjordjević (1888-1934), who succeeded to the thrown in 1921, proclaimed the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, or S.H.S.
): Vztahy Čechů s národy a zeměmi jihovýchodní Evropy [Relations of the Czechs with the Peoples and Countries of Southeastern Europe], Prague 2010, pp. Montenegro. Third Edition, Seattle 1998, pp. There was no active resistance in the Czech Lands or Slovakia for most of the war, and the two countries did not feel the destruction that was experienced in Yugoslavia. Political parties with different ethnic background (only the Communist party represented an over-national party) blocked each other, the tensions between the new peripheries in the North (Slovenia and Croatia) and Belgrade grew, and political terrorism including assassinations and bombings characterized the political atmosphere. Although Czechoslovakia had signed a treaty in Paris which ensured minority rights, the German and Hungarian parts of the population strongly opposed the new state.As was the case in Czechoslovakia, elites both in- and outside of the country pushed for the creation of a Yugoslav state.
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